Avian Influenza: Could the H5N1 Virus Be a Potential Next Threat?

Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant challenge to poultry production, with negative repercussions for both the economy and public health worldwide. Since January 2003, total of 868 human cases AIV H5N1 have been reported from four countries in Western Pacific Region, as 9 March 2023. When AIVs are circulating poultry, there is risk sporadic infections small clusters due exposure infected or contaminated environments. The increase A(H5N1) may reflect continued circulation birds, well enhanced surveillance diagnostic capacity resulting response COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous countermeasures, including vaccines antiviral treatments, available infection. However, their effectiveness often debated ongoing resistance antivirals relatively low unpredictable efficiency compared other vaccines. Vaccination remains primary method preventing acquisition avoiding serious complications related disease. In this review, we summarize global landscape Influenza A provide insights into clinical symptomatology. We call urgent investment genomic strategies timely detect shape emergence any potential viral pathogen, which essential epidemic/pandemic preparedness.